Cataracts are a common condition that affects many people as they age. In fact, they are the leading cause of vision loss in people over 40. While cataracts are more common than you might think, there are several reasons why they tend to develop as people get older.
What are Cataracts?
Clouding of the lens leads to cataracts making it difficult to see clearly. They develop slowly, over time, and can affect one or both eyes. Symptoms of cataracts include dim or blurry vision, difficulty seeing at night, sensitivity to light, and double vision.
Why are Cataracts More Common in Older Adults?
Age-related changes to the lens: As people age, the proteins in the eye lens can break down and clump together, which can cause the lens to become cloudy.
UV light exposure: Exposure to UV light from the sun can increase the risk of developing cataracts. Over time, UV light can damage the proteins in the eye’s lens.
Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and high BP (blood pressure), can increase the risk of cataracts. People with previous eye surgery or eye injuries may also be more prone to developing cataracts.
Medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids may increase the risk of cataracts. People who take these medications long-term may be more prone to developing cataracts.
Preventing and Treating Cataracts
While cataracts cannot be prevented, people can take steps to reduce their risk. Wearing sunglasses to protect the eyes from UV light, eating a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and managing medical conditions can all help reduce the risk of developing cataracts.
If cataracts do develop, the only effective treatment is surgery.
Cataract surgery is a safe and effective procedure which involves removing the cloudy lens and replacing them with an artificial lens. Cataract surgery is typically done on an outpatient basis and most people can return to normal activities within a few days.
In conclusion, cataracts are a common condition that affects many people as they age. While they cannot be prevented, people can take steps to reduce their risk and effective treatments are available if cataracts do develop.
If you are concerned about your cataract risk, talk to your eye doctor (ophthalmologist) to learn more about reducing the risk of cataract.
